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HMS ''Defiance'' was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Randall and Co., at Rotherhithe on the River Thames, and launched on 10 December 1783.〔 ==History== She was commissioned by Lt M.T. Hewitt for Captain George Keppel. He sailed her with the Channel Fleet during September and October 1796 at which time it was reported that, Her qualifications are described as having been of a very superior order. She stowed her provisions well, and when sailing with the Channel fleet in September and October, 1796, beat all the line of battle ships, and kept pace with the frigates. " Upon a wind," Rays Her crew mutinied three times, firstly in October 1795, when she was under the command of Captain Sir George Home. He initially had to release the ringleaders when the ratings attempted to storm the officer's quarters, but later these and additional mutineers were put in irons when, ...in the afternoon a strong party of the 7th, or South Fencible regiment, and several officers, arrived on board. On the 20th, at 10 a.m., a general muster of the ship's company was made, and the eight men, previously in irons, together with three more, were placed in confinement, and others were subsequently added. A few days afterwards the South Fencibles were relieved by a detachment of the 134th Regt., in number 132, under Lieut.-Colonel Baillie, and with these the Defiance sailed from Leith and returned to the Nore.〔''The United service magazine'', London, 1844, p.99〕 The stationing of the Army troops was required because the ship sailed without its contingent of 60 Marines, which later embarked at Sheerness. On 23 March 1796 Captain Theophilus Jones took command. The crew of the ''Defiance'' mutinied for a second time in 1797 during the Spithead mutiny. Captain William Bligh of the was ordered to embark 200 troops and take them alongside in order for the troops to board ''Defiance'' and regain control, however the threat of the soldiers was sufficient to bring about an end to the mutiny. Her ship's company mutinied again in 1798 during the rising of the United Irishmen.〔TNA ADM 1/5346 - Court martial papers〕 Eleven men were hanged and ten transported for life in the penal colony of New South Wales. Her next Captain was Thomas Revell Shivers, who took command on 27 February 1797 at Torbay. In the summer of 1800, ''Defiance'' was attached to the squadron under Sir Alan Gardner, stationed off the Black Rocks. On 24 December 1800, Capt. Richard Retallick superseded Capt. Shivers, ''Defiance'' being selected for the flagship of Rear Admiral Sir Thomas Graves. She fought at the Battle of Copenhagen on 2 April 1801, as the flagship of Rear Admiral Thomas Graves, with Captain Retallick commanding. The station in the line occupied in the battle was abreast of the Crown battery, which mounted thirty-six heavy guns, and was provided with a furnace for heating shot. Owing to the mishaps that kept , Russell, and Agamemnon from taking up their assigned stations, the Defiance became exposed to a severe cross fire, from which she suffered very severe damage.〔''The United service magazine'', London, 1844, p.101〕 In furtherance of the designs of Lord Nelson, when Sir Hyde She also participated in the Battle of Cape Finisterre on 22 July 1805, and the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October, whilst under the command of Captain Philip Charles Durham, who claimed that 'she was the fastest 74 gun ship in the British fleet'. In the latter battle she captured the Spanish ''San Juan Nepomuceno'' and sustained casualties of 57 killed, 153 wounded. In 1809, she took part in the Battle of Les Sables-d'Olonne. After serving as a prison ship at Chatham from 1813, she was broken up in 1817.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「HMS Defiance (1783)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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